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(No Model.) l 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. H. PERKINS'. Ho'RsBsHoE MACHINE.

NQl 340,350. PatntedApr-.20, 1886.

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HORSBSHOB M'AGHINB.

Patented Apr. 20

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(No Model.) C. H. PERKINS.

HoRsBsHbE MACHINE.

No. 340,350. I Patented Apr. 20

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HORSBSHOE MACHINE. No. 840,350. Patented Apr. 20, 1886.

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(No Model.) v 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

G. H. PERKINS.

HORSBSHOB MACHINE.

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C. H. PERKINS. HORSESHO MACHINE.

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CHARLES H. PERKINS, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

HoRsEsHoE-MACHINE.

@PEGFICATGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,350, dated April 20,1886.

Application tiled February 1, 1886. Serial No. 190,428. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, CHARLES H. PERKINS, of the city and county ot'Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Horseshoe- Machines; and I do hereby declare thatthe following specilication, taken in connection with tlie drawingsfurnished andL forming a part of the saine, is a'clear, true, andcomplete description of the several features of my invention.

In a cotemporaneous application for Letters Patent I have disclosedcertain comprehensive features of invention, and have illustrated thei rapplication to various forms of horseshoemachines.

My present application relates to certain features of invention'whichare limited to that general variety ot' machines which embodya seriesol'shoeforming dies continuously moved forwardly or in one directionupon and with a continueusly-traveling bed, asdistinguished from anotherequally well-known type of machines having a single forming die mountedupon and carried by a reciprocating bed, and it is to be understood thatmy said cotempo raucous application illustrates and describes a machinehaving such a series of dies, and also single-die machines, i'or thepurpose of illustrating` certain l'eatures of invention common to all ofthem.

After fully describing the mechanism illnstrated, the features deemednovel will be specin'ed in the several clauses of claims hereuntoannexed.

Itel'erring'to the drawings, Figure l illustrates in perspective amachine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of saidmachine. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the frame and the upper`portion of the machine; but it shows a revolving die-bed in'side view.Fig. 4 is a central lateral vertical section ofsaid machine. Fig. 5, inan enlarged plan vew, illustrates certain swaging-dies in detail. Fig. 6is a section of a portion ofthe machine shown in Fig. on line x. Fig. 7is a section on line y, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is an enlarged side view of aportion ofthe revolving die-bed, and it also shows a portion ot' theframe of the machine iu section. Fig. 9 is an enlarged plan View of aportion of the periphery ofthe revolving bed, one of its formingdies, ahorseshoe thereon, and certain leverjaws, by which the finishing bend isaccomplished and by which the shoe is subsequently maintained in aclamped condition. Fig. 10 is a section of the parts shown in Fig. 9, online z. Fig. 11 illustrates a portion ofthe diebed near its peripheryand a certain spreading device by which the said lever-jaws are movedfrom their forming-die. Fig. l2 illustrates in plan a portion of theperiphery of the revolving bed, a forming-die, a horseshoe thereon, andit also shows in section the studs with which said forming-diecooperates for initially bending a blank. Fig. 18, in several views,illustrates a blank in the form preferred by me for use in this machine.Fig. 14, in several views, illustrates a blank after it has beenlswaged'at its ends in this machine prior to the bending operation.

The frame A of the machine may be widely varied inform` so long as dueprovisiouis made for'snitable bearings for the requisite movable partsand proper sup ports are al'o rded for such stationary parts as operatepassively in connection with said movable parts of the machine. At thefront upper portion of the fame there is an inclined table, a, uponand'across the upper portion of which a straight blank is placed fordelivery to the machine.

In machines heretofore designed with aview to relying upon a series ofshoe-forming dies mounted on a bed which always carries the diesforward, or in one direction, for co-operating with bending andhammering` mechanism in the-manul'iwture ot' horseshoes, said beds havebeen either in the form of disks rotating on vertical axes and carryingthe series of forming-dies on the upper sideof the bed in a circular buthorizontal path, or said beds have been composed of a series oi'rectangular die-blocks each having a forming-die thereon and all of themcoupled together endwise, like the links of an endless chain,and mountedupon rag-wheel drums having horizontal axes. For obtaining the bestresults the series of forming-dies should he mounted on the periphery ofa circular bed having a horizontal axis, and while the prime value ofcertain portions ot' my invention will accrue in the use ol' machineswith die-beds so mount1 IOO ed, substantially desirable results will beobtained by their use in either of the otherstwo forms of machinereferred to.

So far as my knowledge extends I ain the first to device ahorseslioe-machine embodying a series of forming dies. which are alwaysmoved forwardly in one direction. in which a straight blank is tirstswagcd at its ends for thickening the heels ot' a shoe before saidforming-dies proceed to cooperate with devices for bending the blank. Iam also the first todevise andemploysueh a series ot'shoeforming dies inconnection with hammering mechanism, and with a series of clampingjaws,which in pairs firmly hold a bent blank at a forming-alie, while saidblank progressivel)y undergoes the hammering operation. I am also thefirst to devise and employ such a series of shoe-lorniing dies,'inconnection with stationary studs, by which an initial bend is developedin the blank, and with a series of automatic leverjaws or any equivalentdevices, which, working in pairs, develop a tinishing bend in the blankat the heels of the shoeand thereafter operate as clamping-jaws,- movingalongr with each die for so eontiningl the bent blank that a haminer canproperly operate thereon while on its way through the machine.

The blanks as preferred by me for use in this machine are of suchcontour as can be readily developed by rolling. The v are also ot'proper length loi-one shoe, and have been previously creased andpunched, as shown in Fig. 13.

ln describing the machine shown I will sequentially refer to the bendingiiieehanisni. tlie hammer, and the swagiug mechanism, inl stead ofprot-ceding in the order ot' their siiccessive operation upon a blank.The die bed 15, as here shown. is a comparatively heavy wheel or disk,and is mounted upon a heavy horizontal axis or shaft, b, provided at oneend with a suitable. coupling, b', by means ol' which it cati beconnected lo and driven by any suitable driver. rll-he periphery of saidbed is provided with anydesired iiniiiber of properly-pi'tijeetiiigforming-dies. B', ot' which t'oui are here shown, at regularly-spacedintervals. These forming dies are detachable from the bed, so as toadmit ot' the use ot' dies ofvarious sizes and ot such various shapes asare incident to horse aml mule shoes. In

making an initial bend in a blank each of sists in closing the two endsor Vheels `of the blank inwardly against the sides of the forming-die,near its'rear, and this-is accomplished by means of a pair 0flever-jaws, e, as illustrated in connection with a bent blank, d, inFig. 9. The lever-jaws are mounted upon and are carried by the die-bed,and each formingdie is provided with a pair thereof. words, one pair ol'stationary pendent studs, c, serves for all ofthe forming-diesconsecutively; but these several pairs ot' lever jaws. after completingthe bend, move forward with their forming-dies, and thereafter serve asclamps for properly controlling a bent blank during the succeedinghammering operation, to be hereinafter described. Each lever-jaw e ismounted upon the end of its own rock-shaltf, occupying a radial line onthe side Vof said disk and mounted in bearings, within which it canfreely move longitudinally, limited by a collar and screw, and beequally free to semirotate l'or swi nging its work i ngface e partiallyacross the face of the die-bed toward and from the adjacent side ofits-l'oi'niing-dic. and also t'or enabling said working end or l'ac tobe swung'free from the die-bed and tothen drop below the peripheral lineof the dic-bed. so that it may then pass freely beiicaih the table n,and without contact with the pendent studs c or with other portionsofthe machine which would otherwise occupy its circular pat li. 'llieouter end of each lever jaw is provided with a l'riction roller, ei. andwith ashoe or bearingbloek, ci. below said roller.

Near the top ol'the sido plates ofthe frame A, ou their inner sides andabove ilie shaft of the die-bed. there are two stationary butIadinstable segmental eiini plates, e'. bolted to t he frame andstandingedgewisc and parallel wi. h the side ot' the` bed. bolli platesbeing shown in top view iii Fig. l). and one in side view iii dottedlines in Fig. 8. 'lhe t'ront end ol'each cani-'plate is ineliiied fromits lower edge. so that as a forming-die appioiel e-l siid rainplatesthe slices or bearing-blocks e engage with and ride up their inclinedfront edges, thus lifting the lever jaws to a point slight ly above theperiphery of tlie dic-bed. and lheii the friction rollers` e strikeagainst llic llat vertical siirl'aee of the two other stationary plates,c5. which by their abutment. with the rollers` canse the working -facese ot' said jaws to swingr into eontaet wiili the blank d, and thereby tofinish the bend at the two heels ofthe horseshoe. 'lhese abutting platesci are of sufficient length to enable them to maint-ain reliable controlover the jaws, so that they may then serve as elamps while the blank ispassing beneath tite hammer C. As the working-laces of these lever-jawsare much thinner than the already thickened heels ot' the lientI blank.they cannot iiiteifere with the proper operation of said hammer. Alterpassing the hammer, the leverjai'vs are, on leaving the abutting plates,iineonlined, and when they and their forming dies have been carrieddownward in their path the horseshoe is then l'ree to drop from the bed,and as the jaws are brought around again and upward t0 In other ICO lIO

igo

bein l'ront ot' the pendent studs c.

the front of the machine they are each engaged by a stationary finger,e, which occupies a path between the pivot of the jaw and theforming-die, so that as the die'bed further rotates. the working-face eis swung back ward clear of the bed, which leaves the jaw free to dropagain, by gravity, as soon as its spindle approximates to a verticalposition, as is clearly indicated in dotted lines beneath 'the table -ain Fie. 8. For accelerating the retiring movement of said rockshaft, aretraetile spring, f', may be employed, as is illustrated in Fig. 4,with one of said rock-shafts, and such springs will always be desirableif said rockshal'ts are so mounted thatgravity cannot bere lied upon.The outward throw ot' the innerend ot' each jaw will be eectedindependently ot' the spreading-fingere by providing each rockshaltfwith a torsional spring loosely encircling the shaft, as indicated atf2 in Fig. 4; and it is obvious that the torsional and rctractile actionof both of the springs shown can be readily provided for in a singlespring, and by coupling oneend of such a spring with the collar shownthe latter and its screw will serve'not only to limit the longitudinalmovement of the rock-shaft, but also to adjust the torsional force ofthe spring. l

The hammer C is located above the axle b and across the face ot' thedie-bed. ln its best form it embodies a series of rollers, g, on pivotsbetween two disks, g', mounted on a shaft, y", and provided with apulley, ga; and it is driven at high speed, so as to rapidly delivernumerous blows or strokes upon a blank while the latter is slowlypassing beneath it.

Fig. 4 illustrates the relative positions oi the hammer, the lever-jaws,and the forming-die while a blank, d, is undergoing the hammeringoperation.

lhe swaging jaws or dies D are here 1ocatcd at the upper front portionof the ma chine, at Athe table a, and they must always Two ot' said diesor jaws are employed, each having a detachable working-face, lt, whichco-operatcs with a coincident stationary face, IL', on a metal block,which is firmly but adjustably mounted on the l'rame ot' the machine.Each swaging-die, considered asa whole, is in the l'orm of a curvedlevel', and it is pivoted centrally, as at t', to the frame of themachine, and at its outer end it is coupled bya strong balland-socketbnr orlink, k, to the upper end ot' a lever, It', pivoted to the sideot' the l'rame, and provided below its pivot with a retractile spring,k", which normally causes the l'ace of the swaging-die to be fullyretired from the face g', with which it co operates.

For operating said swaging-dies a cam, l, is provided at each side ofthe machine on the shaft I) for int-ermittingly engaging with andvibrating the lower end of said lever, la', and said cams are shapedsubstantially as shown in Fig. 2, so as to cause tburvibratious ot' t-heswagingdies during each revolution ofthe diebed, and said cams lare s0setsupon their shalt that said swaging-dies are operated'at times.'

next preceding the approach of each formingdie, so that as each ofthelatter arrives at the table a it may be supplied with a properlyswagedblank.

In Figs. 5 and 6 a blank, d, is shown, with one of the swaging diesoperating thereon.

The general operation ot' the machine will be fully apparenton referenceto Fig. 13, which shows a blank, d, as prepared by me prior to use inthis machine. In a similar manner Fig. 14 illustrates said blank alterit has been swaged by the dies D. In Fig. 12 the blank is shown aftertheiuitial bend has been developed; and Fig. 9 shows the same after thesecond or finishing bend has been completed. The desirability ot' acentering-gage in this variety ot` machine is the same as in others4heretofore devised by me for securing slioeheels of uniform length, andI employ the well-known form of pendent spring-gages m, as clearly shownin Figs. 1 and 2, said springs being of equal resiliency and so slenderat their lower ends as to not be in contact with the swaging-dies` andwhen a blank is dropped into place with its two ends abutting againstsaid gages its middle must occupy a line coincident with the center ofthe approaching forming-die B'.

In view of the specific description already given of the mode ofoperation ot' the several parts, it is believed to bc unnecessary todescribe the operation ot' such machines. considered as a whole, furtherthan to say that the straight blanks are delivered by hand between thegages to the swaging-dies, and that the bending and hammering operationssuccessively follow, the horseslioes being dropped below the bed l'romeach forming-die as soon as it assumes an inverted position. This l'rcedelivery ofthe shoes from the dies is of con rse dependent upon the factthattheforming-dies are consecutively reversed in position; but I canrely upon a stationary forked clearer in proper relation to the path oftheforming-dies and back ol'lhe hammer, as indicated ill dotted liliesin Fig. 2, there being a wedgeshaped foot on eat-h leg ot' said clearer,which is intei-posed at one side of a horseshoe and between it and thebed, so as to lift thc shoe and leave it free to drop into a chtite o1'into a suitable receptacle. This clearer might also be relied upon toperform the functions 0l' the stationary lingers e, before described;but a clearer may generally be dispensed with ifthe l'ormingdies bereversed in position during their movements, whether on the circular bedhaving a horizontal axis or on the endlesschain bed hereinbeforerel'erred to.

It is now to be understood that while I prefer to employ` a machine inits` complete l'orm, and substantially as illustrati-d. l am aware thatfor pertorming the bending operation only, a machine embodying myinvent-ion has a value equal to or greater than any other knownto me, inwhich case the hammer andy the swag'ing-dies can be dispensed with 0rIOO IIO

left inactive, although said swaging-dies can always be used to goodadvantage; also that said machine cati be profitably used purely as ahammering machine, in which case the swagingdies can be dispensed withor left inactive, and the pendent bending-studs c may or may not beemployed, because it' a previously bent blank of proper form be appliedto each forming-die as it reaches the table a, said bent blank will becarried forward and so engaged by the lever-jaws that they will operateas clamps and properly present the shoe to the hammer and properlycontrol it during the hammering operation.

I have hereinbef'ore indicated that it is not new in horseshoemachinesto employ a series oft'orming-dies which are always moved in onedirection, and it is also to be understood that such machines have alsoembodied bending mechanism which operated to impart the iuitial bend,substantiallyas in my machine, by means ot' each forming-die and a pairof stationary studs or their equivalent. common to all ot' said dies.Some ot' said priormachines have also embodied lever-jaws l'or making afinishing bend, but said prior jaws have also been relied upon f'orswaying and thickening` the heels ofI a shoe while developing thetinishing bend, whereas in my machines tite lever-jaws do not swage butsimply beml the blank inward atthe heels, the blank having been fullyswaged at its ends before reaching the bendingl mechanism. Some ot' saidprior continuously traveling;r bed machines have beendeseribed inLetters Patentas ltavitigltaxnf liters intended to opera-te upon a bentblank while moviug'along upon and with aformingdic; butin no instanceknown to me prior to my present in vemion has a continuouslytravelingbed provided with a series of' l'orming-dies been also provided with apair ol lever jaws for each forming-die, whether said lever-jaws wererelied upon l'or bendingalone or swaging alone or l'or performingr bothof' said operations, or which, in addition to performing either or bothof' said operations, further served as clamps f'or confining the bentblank in proper position during the succeeding hammering operation. lnother words, whether said prior machines have Ihad a series ot'forming-dies on circular beds provided with horizontalaxes or withvertical axes, or whether a series ot' die blocks coupled on theendless-chain principle served as the traveling bed,there has alwaysbeen employed with such beds a single set of lever jaws or theirequivalents for makingr an initial as well as a terminal or tinishingbend; or saidjaws were relied upon t'or making said latter bend coupledwith a thickening or swaging etl'ect, so that each forming die ot' theseries would successively co operate with the one pair of leverjaws. lnnoneol' said prior machines are said jaws mounted upon and moved withtheA bed, and hence they could not operate as clamps for so holding theblank at the die that the succeedi-ng hammering operation could bepractically and efficiently performed, and also so that the heelsof' theshoe could not sp read` as would otherwise be an inevitable incident 'ofhammering. It will in this connection be obvious that any devicesheretofore relied upon for thickening the heels by swaging at the timeof making the finishing bend, must have working-faces equal to orgreater in height than the height or thickness of the hee1desired,andthat if swaging-jaws were thereafter relied upon for clamping the bentand swaged blank while passing beneath a hammer, the swagingjaws wouldprevent the hammer from properly striking the rear portions ofthe shoe.

Having thus described my invention. I claim as new and desire to secu reby Letters Patent- 1. 1uahorseslioe-machine, the combination, t

substantially as hereinbefore describethof the series of'forwardly-moving shoe-f`orming dies, the series ot' automatic lever-jawscarried in pairs with and adjacent to each formingr die,

and a hammer whereby bent blanks or shoes carried on said forming-diesmay be successively presented to said hammer andproperly clamped by Saidjaws during the hammering operation.

2. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbet'ore described. ot the circular rotative die-bed having ahorizontal axis, the series of' t'orming-dieson the periphery of' saidbed, the series of' automatic leverjaws carried by said bed in pairsadjacent to each die and the rotary hammer.

3. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbelore described,ot` the series of' forwardly-moving shoe-formingdies,

the series of' automat-ie lever-jaws carried inA pairs with and adjacentto'eaeh die, a pair of' stationary pendent studs common to all ol' saiddies, and a hammer whereby a straight blank is partially bent by each ofsaid dies and said pair ot studs, a finishing,r bend developed by saidautomatic lever-jaws, and the bent blank then delivered to the hammeraudfirmly clamped by said jaws duringr the hammeringr operation.

4. la a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbef'ore describethot' the circular rotary bed on a horizontalaxis, the series ot' shoe-forming dies on the periphery of said bed,thepair ot stationary pendent studs, the series ofautomatic lever-jaws taounted ou said bed in pairs adjacent to each die, and the rotary hammerwhereby a straight blank delivered to either of the dies will beimtially and finally bent, then hammered, and then release-.l from saiddie when inverted by the continued rotation of'said bed.

5. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, ot a series of'torwardly-movingshoe-formingdies, a series of automatic leverjaws moving in pairs withand 'adjacent to each forming-die, a hammer, a pair ot' swaging jaws ordies, and a pair of stationary bending-studs located between saidswagingjaws and the hammer, whereby a straightl blank delivered to saidIOS IIO

IIS

swaging-jaws will be thickened at its ends, then initially bentby someone of the formingdies co-operating with said studs, then finally bentby the lever-jaws co-operating with said die, and then delivered to thehammer and be iirmly held by said 1everjaws during the hammeringoperation.

6. In a horseshoe machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, ofthe circular rotative die-bed mounted on ahorizontal axis, the series of shoe-forming dies on the periphery ofsaid bed, the stationary bending-studs, the blank-Swaging jaws in frontof said studs, the series of automatic jawflevers mounted in pairs onsaid bed adjacent to each forming-die, and the rotary hammer.

7. Ina horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially as hereinbeforedescribed, of a series of forwardly-moving formingdies, a pair ofpendent studs common to all of said dies, and cooperating therewith forinitially bending a blank, and a series of automatic jaw-levers movingin pairs with each of said forming-dies and cooperating therewith incompleting the bend in a blank.

8. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, of the circular rotary bed mounted upon ahorizontal axis, a series of shoeforming dies on the periphery of saidbed, the pair of stationary studs co-operating with all of said dies formaking initial bends in blanks, and the series ot' automatic lever-jawsmounted on said bed in pairs adjacent to each forming-die andcooperating therewith for making the finishing bend in each blankcarried by said formingdie.

9. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, of a series of forwardly-moving forming-dies, apair of swaging-dies for thickening the ends of straight blanks, a pairof stationary studs at the rear ot' said swaging-dies for co-oper atingwith all ot' said forming-dies in making initial bends in blanks, and aseries of automatic lever-jaws moving in pairs with and adjacent to eachforming-die for making the nishing bend in each blank.

l0. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, of the circular rotary bed on a horizontal axis,the series of shoe-forming dies on the dies, and stationary fingers forthereafter engaging with the inner ends of said jaws for throwing themaway from their forming-die and permitting them to retire from theirworking positions.

l2. In a horseshoe-machine, the-combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, of the rotary bed on a horizontal aXis, theseries of shoe-forming dies on the periphery of said bed, the series oflever-jaws mounted in pairs on said bed adjacent to each formingdie, thelongitudinally reciprocating rockshafts on which said jaws are mounted,the l stationary cam-plates for lifting said jaws and their rock shafts,-the stationary abuttingplates for swinging said lever-jaws toward theirdies, and the stationary iingers for engaging with the inner ends ofsaid jaws for throwing them away from their forming-dies and permittingthem to drop on arriving ata substantially upright and vertical positionduring the rotation of the bed.

18. In a horseshoe-machine, the combination, with a travelingshoe-forming die, of the pair of vertically reciprocating lever -jawsmoving therewith and mounted respectively o n sliding rock-shafts, astationary cam-plate for lifting each jaw and its shaft, stationaryabutting-plates for swinging the inner ends ot'- said jaws toward thedie, and stationary tingers for thereafter throwing the inner ends oflsaid jaws outwardly and permitting them to drop below the die.

CHARLES H. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

G. LoUIs BOWEM, CHARLES R. STARK.

